Titel (eng)

Mixtures of Mycotoxins, Phytoestrogens, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Whole-Plant Corn Silages and Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Farms in Central and Northern Mexico

Autor*in

Felipe Penagos-Tabares   University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna / FFoQSI GmbH-Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation

Qendrim Zebeli   University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna

Rudolf Krska   University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna / Queen's University Belfast

Johannes Faas   DSM-BIOMIN Research Center

Juan-David Orozco   DSM-BIOMIN Research Center

Luis Zavala   DSM-BIOMIN Research Center

Ezequías Castillo-Lopez   University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna

César Garzón-Pérez   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Samanta-Irais Flores-Quiroz   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Juan-Ignacio Artavia   DSM-BIOMIN Research Center

Michael Sulyok   University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna

Verlag

MDPI

Beschreibung (eng)

Mycotoxins and endocrine disruptors such as phytoestrogens can affect cattle health, reproduction, and productivity. Most studies of mycotoxins in dairy feeds in Mexico and worldwide have been focused on a few (regulated) mycotoxins. In contrast, less known fungal toxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites have been neglected and underestimated. This study analyzed a broad spectrum (>800) of mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and fungal, plant, and unspecific secondary metabolites in whole-plant corn silages (WPCSs) and total mixed rations (TMRs) collected from 19 Mexican dairy farms. A validated multi-metabolite liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was used. Our results revealed 125 of >800 tested (potentially toxic) secondary metabolites. WPCSs/TMRs in Mexico presented ubiquitous contamination with mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites. The average number of mycotoxins per TMR was 24, ranging from 9 to 31. Fusarium-derived secondary metabolites showed the highest frequencies, concentrations, and diversity among the detected fungal compounds. The most frequently detected mycotoxins in TMRs were zearalenone (ZEN) (100%), fumonisin B1 (FB1) (84%), and deoxynivalenol (84%). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), previously reported in Mexico, were not detected. All TMR samples tested positive for phytoestrogens. Among the investigated dietary ingredients, corn stover, sorghum silage, and concentrate proportions were the most correlated with levels of total mycotoxins, fumonisins (Fs), and ergot alkaloids, respectively.

Sprache des Objekts

Englisch

Datum

2023

Rechte

Dieses Werk bzw. dieser Inhalt steht unter einer
CC BY 4.0 - Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz.

CC BY 4.0 International

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Klassifikation

Kojic Acid; Antibiotic-Activity; Wheat Silage; Cattle; Biosynthesis; Aspergillus; Maize; State; Milk; Deoxynivalenol

Mitglied in der/den Collection(s) (1)