Title
Malnutrition and Allergies: Tipping the Immune Balance towards Health
Language
English
Description (en)
Malnutrition, which includes macro- and micronutrient deficiencies, is common in individuals with allergic dermatitis, food allergies, rhinitis, and asthma. Prolonged deficiencies of proteins, minerals, and vitamins promote Th2 inflammation, setting the stage for allergic sensitization. Consequently, malnutrition, which includes micronutrient deficiencies, fosters the development of allergies, while an adequate supply of micronutrients promotes immune cells with regulatory and tolerogenic phenotypes. As protein and micronutrient deficiencies mimic an infection, the body's innate response limits access to these nutrients by reducing their dietary absorption. This review highlights our current understanding of the physiological functions of allergenic proteins, iron, and vitamin A, particularly regarding their reduced bioavailability under inflamed conditions, necessitating different dietary approaches to improve their absorption. Additionally, the role of most allergens as nutrient binders and their involvement in nutritional immunity will be briefly summarized. Their ability to bind nutrients and their close association with immune cells can trigger exaggerated immune responses and allergies in individuals with deficiencies. However, in nutrient-rich conditions, these allergens can also provide nutrients to immune cells and promote health.
Keywords (en)
Iron-Deficiency Anemia; Lipid-Transfer Protein; Chronic Kidney-Disease; Vitamin-A-Deficiency; Cytokine Messenger-Rna; Innate Lymphoid-Cells; Bet V 1; Food Allergy; Retinoic Acid; Antioxidant Intake
DOI
10.3390/jcm13164713
Author of the digital object
Emilia  Vassilopoulou  (International Hellenic University / University of Milan)
Carina  Venter  (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus)
Franziska  Roth-Walter  (University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna / Medical University of Vienna)
Format
application/pdf
Size
1.1 MB
Licence Selected
CC BY 4.0 International
Type of publication
Article
Name of Publication (en)
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Pages or Volume
33
Volume
13
Number
16
Publisher
MDPI
Publication Date
2024
Content
Details
Object type
PDFDocument
Format
application/pdf
Created
29.10.2024 01:33:54
This object is in collection
Metadata
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (Vetmeduni Vienna) | Veterinärplatz 1 | A-1210 Vienna | Austria | T +43 1 25077-0