Presence of Duncker's muscle fluke (Alaria alata mesocercariae) in wild boars from east Austria, 2015-2024

C. Aichelburg; P. Paulsen

doi:10.5680/wtm000032

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Title (deu)

Vorkommen des Duncker´schen Muskelegels (Alaria alata Mesozerkarien) bei Wildschweinen in Ostösterreich 2015–2024

Parallel title (eng)

Presence of Duncker's muscle fluke (Alaria alata mesocercariae) in wild boars from east Austria, 2015-2024

Author

C. Aichelburg

P. Paulsen

University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna

Abstract (deu)

Wir untersuchten in den Jahren 2022–2024 Gewebsproben (Drüsen-, Muskel- und Fettgewebe der Hals- Wangen-Region und, wenn verfüg- bar, Zwerchfell) von 429 jagdlich erlegten und zur Verarbeitung in zu- gelassenen Wildbearbeitungsbetrieben vorgesehenen Wildschweinen auf das Vorkommen motiler Alaria alata Mesozerkarien. Es handelte sich um Proben von 275 Wildschweinen aus 16 Bezirken in Niederösterreich, 143 Proben aus 4 Bezirken im Burgenland sowie 11 Proben aus der Steiermark, Oberösterreich und Wien. Mit dem Aus- wanderverfahren („Alaria alata mesocercariae migration technique“) konnten keine motilen Mesozerkarien nachgewiesen werden. Während in den Gemeindegebieten Hohenau- Rabensburg-Bernhardsthal-Drösing- Bockfließ-Neusiedl/Zaya im Zeitraum 2015–2018 noch Alaria alata Mesozerkarien (6/58) nachgewiesen werden konnten, war das 2022–2024 nicht der Fall (0/26), trotz vergleich- baren Studiendesigns und identer Untersuchungsverfahren. Für die Interpretation der Daten wären – derzeit fehlende – rezente Daten zum Vorkommen von Alarien Stadien in Endwirten oder Zwischenwirten hilfreich. Die Ergebnisse können aus lebensmittel¬hygienischer Sicht so interpretiert werden, dass motile Mesozerkarien in Tierkörpern von österreichischem Schwarzwild heute beim Großhandel seltener vor¬kommen als dies noch 2015–2018 der Fall war. Dafür können geographische, klimatische und saisonale Effekte mitverantwortlich sein.

Abstract (eng)

Introduction Alaria alata is a trematode that dwells in its adult form in the intestinal tract of carnivores. The life cycle of the parasite is complex and comprises several developmental stages with two obligatory intermediate hosts (snails and amphibians). Wild boars can act as paratenic hosts by ingesting second intermediate hosts (amphibians) that carry Alaria alata mesocercariae. Larval alariosis is a potential health risk to consumers of wild boar meat, although the few cases of human infestations by Alaria mesocercariae were probably attributable to Alaria americana and not to Alaria alata . Materials and methods Between August 2022 and January 2024, we took tissue samples (comprising glandular, fat and muscle tissue; approximately 50-80 g total weight) from the throat area and, if present, from the diaphragm of 429 hunted wild boars. We took samples at wild game processing facilities and collection centers. The day and region (postal code) of killing and the weight of the carcasses were provided. We examined the carcasses within 24 hours of sampling using the Alaria alata mesocercariae migration technique. Data for the period 2015-2018 were provided by the Institute of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. Sampling and examination methods were identical to those in the 2022-2024 study. We prepared descriptive statistics for season and origin and for days from killing to testing. For a well described hot-spot in the March-Thaya region (Hohenau-RabensburgBernhardsthal-Drosing-Bockflie ss Neusiedl/Zaya), we compared the frequencies of mesocercariae-positive carcasses with those from previous studies. Results We detected no motile Alaria alata mesocercariae in the samples collected from 2022 to 2024 (0/429), although six of the 482 samples taken between 2015 and 2018 had tested positive for mesocercariae. All six positive samples in 2015-2018 originated from the 58 specimens from the area HohenauRabensburg-Bernhardsthal-Dr & ouml;sing-Bockflie ss-Neusiedl/ Zaya but we detected no mesocercariae in the 26 samples from the same region examined in 2022-2024. The finding was significantly lower than the frequencies reported for previous study periods (p<0.001). Conclusion From a food hygiene perspective, it appears that motile Alaria alata mesocercariae occur less frequently in Austrian wild boar meat than in 2015-2018. Various geographical, climatic and seasonal effects may be partly responsible.

Keywords (deu)

WildschweinAlaria alataAuswanderverfahren

Keywords (eng)

Wild BoarAlaria AlataAlaria Alata Mesocercariae Migration Technique.

Type (eng)

journal article

Language

[deu]

Persistent identifier

https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:4413

DOI

10.5680/wtm000032