Titel (eng)

Diversity and geographic distribution of haplotypes of Dirofilaria immitis across European endemic countries

Autor*in

Mustafa Alsarraf   University of Warsaw

Anna Bajer   University of Warsaw

Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak   University of Warsaw

Alice Vismarra   Vismarra

Mariia Topolnytska   University of Warsaw

Mohammed Alsarraf   University of Warsaw

Laura Rinaldi   University of Napoli Federico II

Mateusz Pękacz   Warsaw University of Life Sciences

Elias Papadopoulos   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Rodrigo Morchón   University of Salamanca

Martina Miterpáková   Slovak Academy of Sciences

Andrei D. Mihalca   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Laura Helen Kramer   University of Parma

Agnieszka Kloch   University of Warsaw

Angela Monica Ionică   University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca

Marco Genchi   University of Parma

Hans-Peter Fuehrer   University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna

Dorota Dwużnik-Szarek   University of Warsaw

Anastasia Diakou   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Elena Carretón   University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Lavinia Ciuca   University of Napoli Federico II

Verlag

BMC

Beschreibung (eng)

Dirofilaria immitis, also known as heartworm, is one of the most important parasitic nematodes of domestic dogs, causing a potentially serious disease, cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis, which can be lethal. This species seems to be less 'expansive' than its sister species Dirofilaria repens, and it is believed that climate change facilitates the spread of this parasite to new non-endemic regions.In total, 122 heartworm isolates were analysed from nine endemic countries in Europe (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine) and a single isolate from Bangladesh by amplification and sequencing of two mitochondrial (mt) DNA markers: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH). The main aim of the current study was to determine the genetic diversity of D. immitis and compare it with D. repens haplotype diversity and distribution. DNA was extracted from adult heartworms or microfilariae in blood. Most isolates originated from dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) while 10 isolates originated from wildlife species from Romania, including eight isolates from golden jackals (Canis aureus), one isolate from a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) and one isolate from a red fox (Vulpes vulpes).Median spanning network analysis was based on the combined sequence (1721 bp) obtained from two mt markers and successfully delineated nine haplotypes (Di1-Di9). Haplotype Di1 was the dominant haplotype encompassing 91 out of the 122 sequences (75%) from all nine countries and four host species. Haplotype Di2 was the second most common haplotype, formed solely by 13 isolates from Italy. The remaining sequences were assigned to Di3-Di9 haplotypes, differing by 1-4 SNPs from the dominant Di1 haplotype. There was evidence for geographical segregation of haplotypes, with three unique haplotypes associated with Italy and four others associated with certain countries (Di4 and Di7 with Slovakia; Di8 with Greece; Di6 with Hungary).Diversity in D. immitis mt haplotypes was lower by half than in D. repens (9 vs. 18 haplotypes in D. immitis and D. repens, respectively), which may be associated with the slower expansion of heartworm in Central and NE Europe. NADH gene appears to be conserved in Dirofilaria sp. by showing lower genetic diversity than the analysed COI gene.

Sprache des Objekts

Englisch

Datum

2023

Rechte

Dieses Werk bzw. dieser Inhalt steht unter einer
CC BY 4.0 - Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz.

CC BY 4.0 International

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Klassifikation

Dogs; Animals; Dirofilaria immitisgenetics; Haplotypes; NAD; Otters; Europeepidemiology; Canidae

Mitglied in der/den Collection(s) (1)