A large-scale study across the avian clade identifies ecological drivers of neophobia

Title (eng)
A large-scale study across the avian clade identifies ecological drivers of neophobia
Author
Kai R. Caspar
Author
Jimena Lois-Milevicich
Author
Carl Soulsbury
Author
Stephan A. Reber
Author
Claudia Mettke-Hofmann
Author
Benjamin J. Ashton
Author
Melissa Bateson
Author
Solenne Belle
Author
Boris Bilčík
Author
Laura M. Biondi
Author
Francesco Bonadonna
Author
Desiree Brucks
Author
Michael W. Butler
Author
Samuel P. Caro
Author
Marion Charrier
Author
Tiffany Chatelin
Author
Johnathan Ching
Author
Nicola S. Clayton
Author
Benjamin J. Cluver
Author
Ella B. Cochran
Author
Francesca Cornero
Author
Emily Danby
Author
Samara Danel
Author
Martina Darwich
Author
James R. Davies
Author
Alicia de la Colina
Author
Dominik Fischer
Author
Ondřej Fišer
Author
Florencia Foitzick
Author
Edward C. Galluccio
Author
Clara Garcia-Co
Author
Elias Garcia-Pelegrin
Author
Isabelle George
Author
Kai-Philipp Gladow
Author
Raúl O. Gómez
Author
Anna Grewer
Author
Katie Grice
Author
Lauren M. Guillette
Author
Devon C. Hallihan
Author
Frauke Heer
Author
Chloe Henry
Author
Vladimira Hodova
Author
Marisa Hoeschele
Author
Cécilia Houdelier
Author
Paula Ibáñez de Aldecoa
Author
Oluwaseun Serah Iyasere
Author
Yuka Kanemitsu
Author
Mina Khodadadi
Author
Duc Khong
Author
Melanie G. Kimball
Author
Ariana N. Klappert
Author
Lucy N. Koch
Author
Uta U. König von Borstel
Author
Lubor Košt’ál
Author
Anastasia Krasheninnikova
Author
Lubica Kubikova
Author
Connor T. Lambert
Author
Daan W. Laméris
Author
Courtenay G. Lampert
Author
Oceane Larousse
Author
Christine R. Lattin
Author
Zhongqiu Li
Author
Michael Lindenmeier
Author
Delia A. Lister
Author
Julia A. Mackenzie
Author
Selina Mainz
Author
Danna Masri
Author
Jorg J. M. Massen
Author
Laurenz Mohr
Author
Wendt Müller
Author
Paul M. Nealen
Author
Andreas Nieder
Author
Aurèle Novac
Author
Nínive Paes Cavalcante
Author
Kristina Pascual
Author
Carla Pascual-Guàrdia
Author
Ayushi Patel
Author
Katarína Pichová
Author
Cristina Pilenga
Author
Laurent Prétôt
Author
John L. Quinn
Author
Elena Račevska
Author
Juan C. Reboreda
Author
Sam Reynolds
Author
Amanda R. Ridley
Author
Francisco Ruiz-Raya
Author
Marina Salas
Author
Beatriz C. Saldanha
Author
Sebastián M. Santiago
Author
Nikola Schlöglová
Author
Gia Seatriz
Author
Eva Serrano-Davies
Author
Zuzana Skalná
Author
Katie E. Slocombe
Author
Masayo Soma
Author
Tiziana Srdoc
Author
Stefan Stanescu
Author
Michaela Syrová
Author
Alex H. Taylor
Author
Christopher N. Templeton
Author
Karlie Thompson
Author
Sandra Trigo
Author
Camille A. Troisi
Author
Utku Urhan
Author
Maurice Valbert
Author
Kees van Oers
Author
Alberto Velando
Author
Frederick Verbruggen
Author
Jorrit W. Verkleij
Author
Alizée Vernouillet
Author
Jonas Verspeek
Author
Petr Veselý
Author
Auguste M. P. von Bayern
Author
Eline Waalders
Author
Benjamin A. Whittaker
Author
Ella R. Williamson
Author
Vanessa A. D. Wilson
Author
Michelle A. Winfield
Author
Neslihan Wittek
Author
Karen K. L. Yeung
Author
Jade A. Zanutto
Abstract (eng)
Neophobia, or aversion to novelty, is important for adaptability and survival as it influences the ways in which animals navigate risk and interact with their environments. Across individuals, species and other taxonomic levels, neophobia is known to vary considerably, but our understanding of the wider ecological drivers of neophobia is hampered by a lack of comparative multispecies studies using standardized methods. Here, we utilized the ManyBirds Project, a Big Team Science large-scale collaborative open science framework, to pool efforts and resources of 129 collaborators at 77 institutions from 24 countries worldwide across six continents. We examined both difference scores (between novel object test and control conditions) and raw data of latency to touch familiar food in the presence (test) and absence (control) of a novel object among 1,439 subjects from 136 bird species across 25 taxonomic orders incorporating lab, field, and zoo sites. We first demonstrated that consistent differences in neophobia existed among individuals, among species, and among other taxonomic levels in our dataset, rejecting the null hypothesis that neophobia is highly plastic at all taxonomic levels with no evidence for evolutionary divergence. We then tested for effects of ecological factors on neophobia, including diet, sociality, habitat, and range, while accounting for phylogeny. We found that (i) species with more specialist diets were more neophobic than those with more generalist diets, providing support for the Neophobia Threshold Hypothesis; (ii) migratory species were also more neophobic than nonmigratory species, which supports the Dangerous Niche Hypothesis. Our study shows that the evolution of avian neophobia has been shaped by ecological drivers and demonstrates the potential of Big Team Science to advance our understanding of animal behavior.
Keywords (eng)
BirdsAnimal MigrationHabitatsDomestic AnimalsFoodDietEcological NichesTaxonomy
Type (eng)
Language
[eng]
Is in series
Title (eng)
PLOS Biology
Volume
23
Issue
10
ISSN
1545-7885
Issued
2025
Number of pages
30
Publication
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date issued
2025
Access rights (eng)
Rights statement (eng)
© 2025 Miller et al.