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Alloying with rare earth elements (REEs) can enhance corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, though their long-term biological behavior and biosafety are still being clarified. Herein, we compared the widely used REE-containing alloy WE43 with a previously self-designed REE-free alloy, ZX00 (Mg–0.6Zn–0.5Ca), focusing on biocompatibility, toxicity, degradation, and mechanical performance in vitro and in vivo. ZX00 demonstrated significantly higher fibroblast viability than WE43 in vitro (100.00% ± 9.30% vs. 43.00% ± 6.88%; p < 0.0001) and did not elicit inflammatory responses in primary human macrophages, while both alloys showed comparable hemocompatibility. After 5 months of subcutaneous implantation in rats, ZX00 and WE43 exhibited similar overall biocompatibility, with mild gas formation observed in X-ray imaging and histology. Although ZX00 degraded faster than WE43 according to micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, it retained markedly superior ductility after 5 months of implantation, due to uniform, non-localized corrosion. No systemic toxicity was detected for either alloy through histopathological assessment of multiple organs and hematological analyses. This study shows that the REE-free ZX00 alloy possesses the biological and mechanical requirements for demanding biomedical environments, positioning it as a promising candidate for cardiovascular applications and marking a first step toward a bioabsorbable material specifically designed for cardiac annuloplasty devices."}]}],"bf:provisionActivity":[{"@type":"bf:Publication","bf:agent":[{"@type":"schema:Organization","schema:name":[{"@value":"Elsevier"}]}]}],"dce:rights":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"© 2026 The Authors"}],"dce:subject":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Magnesium alloy"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Biocompatibility"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Inflammatory response"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Biodegradability"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Mechanical 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