phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at o:5578 DOI 10.3390/poultry5020019 Management, Production, Infection Events, and Antimicrobial Use on 25 Commercial Turkey Farms in Germany (2019–2021)—A Descriptive Analysis A two-cohort feasibility study was conducted to investigate the potential role of homeopathic therapy in reducing antimicrobial use in turkeys. The objective of the analysis presented here was to describe the complex characteristics of the study farms. For analysis of heterogeneity, data of 25 turkey farms (7 homeopathy (H); 18 conventional (C)) were analyzed. Farms in cohort H had significantly higher numbers of poultry farms nearby and included outdoor husbandry, while those in cohort C included neither organic nor biodynamic husbandry types. During raising, a combination of straw and wood shavings was more frequent, while during fattening, only one type of litter was predominant. Very few additional significant differences were identified at farm level, while at production batch level, several further differences existed. When comparing the study cohort characteristics with national statistics, both cohorts seemed to perform better than the national average. The incidence of antibiotic treatment days was lower in cohort H compared to cohort C (C 0.14, H 0.01, p < 0.001), while production period-related mortality (C 3.7%, H 3.7%) was comparable. Our detailed collection of data, previously unavailable, provides a relevant insight and will enable the analysis of multivariable aspects linked to antimicrobial usage in turkey production. eng turkey antimicrobial antibiotic risk factor homeopathy 2026-10-09T08:23:20.235Z LOMv1.0 Author BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Sonnenschein-Swanson;Lena; FN:Lena Sonnenschein-Swanson END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Baur-Bernhardt;Silvia; FN:Silvia Baur-Bernhardt END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Käsbohrer;Annemarie; FN:Annemarie Käsbohrer X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2966-2713 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Doherr;Marcus Georg; FN:Marcus Georg Doherr X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-1708 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Meemken;Diana; FN:Diana Meemken X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-048X END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Sommer;Mary-Ann; FN:Mary-Ann Sommer END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Stetina;Birgit Ursula; FN:Birgit Ursula Stetina X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-1923 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Weiermayer;Petra; FN:Petra Weiermayer X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6599-9551 END:VCARD https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/scheme https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/text Textdokument Text LOMv1.0 yes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 application/pdf 1387282 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:5578 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:5578/thumbnail LOMv1.0 discipline