{"@context":{"aiiso":"http:\/\/purl.org\/vocab\/aiiso\/schema#","arm":"https:\/\/ld4p.github.io\/arm\/core\/ontology\/0.1\/","bf":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/ontologies\/bibframe\/","bib":"https:\/\/bibliotek-o.org\/","bibo":"http:\/\/purl.org\/ontology\/bibo\/","cito":"http:\/\/purl.org\/spar\/cito\/","classSchemes":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/classSchemes","dbo":"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/ontology\/","dce":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/elements\/1.1\/","dcmitype":"http:\/\/dublincore.org\/documents\/2000\/07\/11\/dcmi-type-vocabulary\/#","dcterms":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/","ebucore":"http:\/\/www.ebu.ch\/metadata\/ontologies\/ebucore\/ebucore","edm":"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/","foaf":"http:\/\/xmlns.com\/foaf\/spec\/#","frap":"http:\/\/purl.org\/cerif\/frapo","identifiers":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/identifiers","ids":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/identifiers\/","opaque":"http:\/\/opaquenamespace.org\/","pcdm":"http:\/\/pcdm.org\/models#","phaidra":"https:\/\/phaidra.org\/ontology\/","rdam":"http:\/\/rdaregistry.info\/Elements\/m\/","rdau":"http:\/\/rdaregistry.info\/Elements\/u\/","rdax":"http:\/\/rdaregistry.info\/Elements\/x\/","rdf":"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/02\/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","rdfs":"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/rdf-schema\/","relators":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/relators","role":{"@context":{"aut":{"@container":"@list","@id":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/relators\/aut"}}},"schema":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","skos":"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2004\/02\/skos\/core#","skosxl":"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2008\/05\/skos-xl","vra":"http:\/\/purl.org\/vra\/"},"@id":"https:\/\/phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at\/o:5219","bf:note":[{"@type":"bf:Summary","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Introduction\nRepeated mild traumatic brain injuries (rmTBIs) pose a high risk of developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Since this neurodegenerative disease is diagnosed only post-mortem, new biomarkers for early detection are needed. Although age at injury and biological sex are important factors in many brain pathologies, little is known about their relevance to rmTBI-induced CTE-like consequences. Hence, this study explored how biological sex and age at the time of impact affect progression and changes in biomarker candidates after experimental rmTBI.\n\nMethods\nRats of both sexes, aged 7 weeks (adolescent) or 14 weeks (adult), were subjected to three mTBIs at 5-day intervals. Neurological, behavioral and cognitive impairments, as well as changes in potential plasma and brain biomarkers, were assessed up to 12 weeks post-injury. The generalized estimating equation model was used to compare sexes and age groups.\n\nResults\nRmTBI induced ongoing neurological impairment. While no depressive-like behavior was observed, long-term, age-specific changes in anxiety were observed after rmTBI. A short-term increase in plasma p-tau was found after rmTBI only in male and adolescent rats. Plasma neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were elevated in adolescent animals at both 2 weeks and 12 weeks post-rmTBI. An increase in brain neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) was detected 12-weeks after rmTBI. Correlation analyses suggested NSE as a prospective biomarker for anhedonia-like behavior, and brain NFT as an indicator of neurological impairment.\n\nDiscussion\nWe found that behavioral outcomes and biomarker changes following rmTBI in rats were both age- and sex-dependent. This information will help in developing translatable diagnostics to guide CTE treatment in clinical settings."}]}],"bf:provisionActivity":[{"@type":"bf:Publication","bf:agent":[{"@type":"schema:Organization","schema:name":[{"@value":"Elsevier"}]}]}],"dce:rights":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"© 2025 The Authors"}],"dce:subject":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"rmTBI"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"CTE"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Concussion"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Age"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Sex"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Tau"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"NSE"}]}],"dce:title":[{"@type":"bf:Title","bf:mainTitle":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Biomarkers for prediction of chronic traumatic encephalopathy-like pathology following repeated mild traumatic brain injury in rats are partially sex- and age-dependent"}]}],"dcterms:accessRights":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/QW5R-NG4J"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"open access"},{"@language":"ita","@value":"Open Access"}]}],"dcterms:issued":["2026"],"dcterms:language":["eng"],"dcterms:type":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/69ZZ-2KGX"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Text"},{"@language":"deu","@value":"Text"},{"@language":"ita","@value":"Documento PDF"}]}],"ebucore:filename":["1-s2.0-S001448862500425X-main.pdf"],"ebucore:hasMimeType":["application\/pdf"],"edm:hasType":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/VKA6-9XTY"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"journal article"},{"@language":"deu","@value":"Wissenschaftlicher Artikel"},{"@language":"ita","@value":"Articolo scientifico"}]}],"edm:rights":["http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"],"oaire:version":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/PMR8-3C8D"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"version of record (published version)"},{"@language":"ita","@value":"Versione editoriale\/Version of Record"}]}],"rdam:P30004":[{"@type":"ids:doi","@value":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2025.115560"}],"rdau:P60193":[{"@type":"schema:CreativeWork","bibo:volume":[{"@value":"396"}],"dce:title":[{"@type":"bf:Title","bf:mainTitle":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Experimental Neurology"}]}],"dcterms:issued":["2026"],"ids:issn":["0014-4886"]}],"role:aut":[{"@type":"schema:Person","schema:familyName":[{"@value":"Moraga-Amaro"}],"schema:givenName":[{"@value":"Rodrigo"}]},{"@type":"schema:Person","schema:familyName":[{"@value":"Moreno"}],"schema:givenName":[{"@value":"Oscar"}]},{"@type":"schema:Person","schema:familyName":[{"@value":"Llop"}],"schema:givenName":[{"@value":"Jordi"}]},{"@type":"schema:Person","schema:affiliation":[{"@type":"schema:Organization","schema:name":[{"@value":"University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna"}],"skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/ror.org\/01w6qp003"]}],"schema:familyName":[{"@value":"Bankstahl"}],"schema:givenName":[{"@value":"Marion"}],"skos:exactMatch":[{"@type":"ids:orcid","@value":"0000-0002-5775-188X"}]},{"@type":"schema:Person","schema:familyName":[{"@value":"Bankstahl"}],"schema:givenName":[{"@value":"Jens P."}]}],"schema:numberOfPages":["15"]}