<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:source xml:lang="eng">Animals</dc:source>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:title xml:lang="eng">Bioavailability of Thymol Incorporated into Gastro-Resistant Self-Emulsifying Pellets in Rabbits</dc:title>
  <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</dc:rights>
  <dc:description xml:lang="eng">Thymol gastro-resistant self-emulsifying pellets were used to achieve thymol targeted release on the side of the intestine with the most intensive absorption to enhance its oral bioavailability. Forty-eight rabbits (35 d of age) were divided into two groups fed with a standard diet containing gastro-resistant enteric pellets (control, CG; without thymol, initial live weight 1350.0 ± 18.0, and experimental, EG; with thymol 250 mg/kg, initial live weight 1352.0 ± 19.9 g). The experiment lasted 28 days: thymol was administered for 21 days and then withdrawn for 7 days. Thymol was significantly higher in duodenal wall (DW) than in plasma during both periods (p = 0.0053, p &lt; 0.0001). Significant correlation was established between thymol concentration in plasma and DW during its application (rs = 0.9333, p &lt; 0.001). Thymol was below the limit of quantitation in plasma, spleen and muscle only after its withdrawal, and its significantly higher concentration in kidney and fat than in plasma (p = 0.0182, p = 0.0003) and muscle (p = 0.0236, p = 0.0004) indicates its efficient accumulation. Thymol in gastro-resistant form prevented its degradation due to adverse conditions in the stomach and ensured its release at the site of greatest absorption in the small intestine.</dc:description>
  <dc:subject xml:lang="eng">Thymol</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xml:lang="eng">Self-emulsifying Pellets</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xml:lang="eng">Oral Bioavailability</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xml:lang="eng">Rabbits</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xml:lang="eng">Metabolism</dc:subject>
  <dc:type xml:lang="deu">Text</dc:type>
  <dc:type xml:lang="deu">Wissenschaftlicher Artikel</dc:type>
  <dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/ani15223238</dc:identifier>
  <dc:rights xml:lang="ita">Open Access</dc:rights>
  <dc:type xml:lang="eng">Text</dc:type>
  <dc:type xml:lang="eng">journal article</dc:type>
  <dc:publisher>MDPI</dc:publisher>
  <dc:date>2025</dc:date>
  <dc:rights xml:lang="eng">© 2025 by the authors.</dc:rights>
  <dc:rights xml:lang="eng">open access</dc:rights>
  <dc:type xml:lang="ita">Documento PDF</dc:type>
  <dc:type xml:lang="ita">Articolo scientifico</dc:type>
  <dc:creator>Radoslava Kristofova (Department of Digestive Tract Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4-6, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Karin Zitterl-Eglseer (Centre for Veterinary Systems Transformation and Sustainability, Clinical Department for Farm Animal and Food Systems Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Fardad Firooznia (Department of Biology, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Andrea Laukova (Department of Digestive Tract Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4-6, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Lubica Chrastinova (Animal Production Research Centre, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Hlohovecka 2, 951 41 Nitra-Luzianky, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Monika Pogany Simonova (Department of Digestive Tract Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4-6, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Margareta Takacsova (Department of Digestive Tract Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4-6, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Kristina Bacova (Department of Digestive Tract Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4-6, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Iveta Placha (Department of Digestive Tract Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Soltesovej 4-6, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia)</dc:creator>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:identifier>https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:5065</dc:identifier>
</oai_dc:dc>