phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at o:4837 DOI 10.3390/ijms26146620 Gray-Horse Melanoma-A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing Malignant melanoma (MM) affects not only humans but also animals, with gray horses being particularly predisposed to acquiring the disease. Multiomics have greatly advanced the understanding of human MM. In contrasty little is known regarding the pathogenesis of gray-horse melanoma and the unique phenomenon of melanoma “dormancy” in some animals. To help close this gap in knowledge, melanoma tissue and intact skin collected from gray horses were subjected to transcriptome analysis using RNAseq. In the next step, cultured primary tumor cells and normal skin fibroblasts were established from gray horses, and their protein expression profiles were determined. The obtained data unambiguously identified gray-horse melanoma (ghM) as a malignant tumor, as reflected by the overrepresentation of pathways typically activated in human melanoma and other human cancers. These included the RAS/RAF/MAPK, the IRS/IGF1R, and the PI3K/AKT signaling networks. In addition, the obtained data suggest that the key molecules RAC1, RAS, and BRAF, which are frequently mutated in human melanoma, may also contain activating mutations in ghM, whilst PTEN may harbor loss-of-function mutations. This issue will be subject to downstream analyses determining the mutational status in ghM to further advance the understanding of this frequent disease in gray horses. eng Melanoma Gray-horse Melanoma Tumor Tissue Primary Melanoma Cells RNAseq Proteomics 2026-01-30T14:52:23.455Z LOMv1.0 Author BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Brodesser;Daniela M; FN:Daniela M Brodesser END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Schlangen;Karin; FN:Karin Schlangen END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Rodriguez-Rojas;Alexandro; FN:Alexandro Rodriguez-Rojas X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-8127 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Kuropka;Benno; FN:Benno Kuropka END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Doulidis;Pavlos G.; FN:Pavlos G. Doulidis X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8731-2936 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Brandt;Sabine; FN:Sabine Brandt X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-3422 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Pratscher;Barbara; FN:Barbara Pratscher X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-1365 END:VCARD https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/scheme https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/text Textdokument Text LOMv1.0 yes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 application/pdf 790318 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:4837 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:4837/thumbnail LOMv1.0 discipline