{"@context":{"aiiso":"http:\/\/purl.org\/vocab\/aiiso\/schema#","arm":"https:\/\/ld4p.github.io\/arm\/core\/ontology\/0.1\/","bf":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/ontologies\/bibframe\/","bib":"https:\/\/bibliotek-o.org\/","bibo":"http:\/\/purl.org\/ontology\/bibo\/","cito":"http:\/\/purl.org\/spar\/cito\/","classSchemes":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/classSchemes","dbo":"http:\/\/dbpedia.org\/ontology\/","dce":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/elements\/1.1\/","dcmitype":"http:\/\/dublincore.org\/documents\/2000\/07\/11\/dcmi-type-vocabulary\/#","dcterms":"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/","ebucore":"http:\/\/www.ebu.ch\/metadata\/ontologies\/ebucore\/ebucore","edm":"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/","foaf":"http:\/\/xmlns.com\/foaf\/spec\/#","frap":"http:\/\/purl.org\/cerif\/frapo","identifiers":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/identifiers","ids":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/identifiers\/","opaque":"http:\/\/opaquenamespace.org\/","pcdm":"http:\/\/pcdm.org\/models#","phaidra":"https:\/\/phaidra.org\/ontology\/","rdam":"http:\/\/rdaregistry.info\/Elements\/m\/","rdau":"http:\/\/rdaregistry.info\/Elements\/u\/","rdax":"http:\/\/rdaregistry.info\/Elements\/x\/","rdf":"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/02\/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","rdfs":"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/rdf-schema\/","relators":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/relators","role":{"@context":{"aut":{"@container":"@list","@id":"http:\/\/id.loc.gov\/vocabulary\/relators\/aut"}}},"schema":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","skos":"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2004\/02\/skos\/core#","skosxl":"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2008\/05\/skos-xl"},"@id":"https:\/\/phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at\/o:4636","bf:note":[{"@type":"bf:Summary","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Background and objective\nAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a form of brain inflammation where pathogenic autoantibodies bind surface proteins. In humans, AE is at least as common as infective encephalitis, and seizures are a prominent manifestation. The most common adult human AE is associated with antibodies to leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1-Ab-E). AE in non-human mammals is also recognised, notably the polar bear ‘Knut’, diagnosed with N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis. LGI1-Ab-E is an emerging cause of spontaneously-arising AE in domestic cats. Our objective was to phenotype the seizure profile of feline LGI1-Ab-E and probe parallels to its human counterpart.\n\nMethods\nWe characterised seizures in naturally-occurring feline LGI1-Ab-E. Three veterinary and two human neurologists independently blind-rated 35 LGI1-antibody positive and negative feline seizure videos from 24 cats (16 LGI1-Ab-E positive, 8 negative). Data analysed included seizure frequency, semiologies and their co-occurrence, localisation, inter-rater agreement, and predictive factors.\n\nResults\nThe mean number of daily seizures at peak was significantly higher in LGI1-antibody positive compared to LGI1-antibody-negative cats (12.6 vs. 1.9\/day, pcorr = 0.011). Semiologies statistically significantly enriched in LGI1-Ab-E observations included orofacial automatisms (88\/120, 73 % vs. 26\/55, 47 %, pcorr = 0.024), salivation (87\/120, 73 % vs. 23\/55, 42 %, pcorr = 0.004); and mydriasis (79\/120, 66 % vs 19\/55, 35 %, pcorr = 0.004), and almost exclusively seen in LGI1-Ab-E were circling (39\/120, 33 % vs. 1\/55, 2 %, pcorr=<0.001) and aggression (14\/120, 12 % vs. 0\/55, 0 %, non significant after correction). A temporal lobe onset was proposed in 67 % (80\/120) of seropositive ratings, compared to 28 % (15\/55) LGI1-Ab-E negative (p < 0.0001). Network analysis depicted complex and overlapping relationships between features, akin to the frequent and multifaceted seizures of human LGI1-Ab-E. Orofacial automatisms, mydriasis and temporal lobe localisation were predictive semiological features of feline LGI1-Ab-E.\n\nSignificance\nFeline LGI1-Ab-E represents a clinically distinctive seizure disorder. Our findings highlight the value of studying naturally-occurring, biologically representative animal models which closely mimic human diseases. This bidirectional translational approach confers benefits across species and unites human and veterinary neurology."}]}],"bf:provisionActivity":[{"@type":"bf:Publication","bf:agent":[{"@type":"schema:Organization","schema:name":[{"@value":"Elsevier"}]}]}],"dce:rights":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"© 2025 The Authors"}],"dce:subject":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Autoimmune"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Cats"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Encephalitis"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Leucine-rich Glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1)"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Orofacial"}]},{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Seizures"}]}],"dce:title":[{"@type":"bf:Title","bf:mainTitle":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Distinctive seizure signature in the first video case-control study of a naturally-occurring feline autoimmune encephalitis model"}]}],"dcterms:accessRights":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/QW5R-NG4J"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"open access"}]}],"dcterms:issued":["2025"],"dcterms:type":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/69ZZ-2KGX"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Text"},{"@language":"deu","@value":"Text"},{"@language":"ita","@value":"Testo"}]}],"ebucore:filename":["1-s2.0-S0889159125000583-main.pdf"],"ebucore:hasMimeType":["application\/pdf"],"edm:hasType":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/VKA6-9XTY"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"journal article"},{"@language":"deu","@value":"Wissenschaftlicher Artikel"},{"@language":"ita","@value":"Articolo di rivista"}]}],"edm:rights":["http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"],"oaire:version":[{"@type":"skos:Concept","skos:exactMatch":["https:\/\/pid.phaidra.org\/vocabulary\/PMR8-3C8D"],"skos:prefLabel":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"version of record (published version)"}]}],"rdam:P30004":[{"@type":"ids:doi","@value":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2025.02.018"}],"rdau:P60193":[{"@type":"schema:CreativeWork","bibo:volume":["126"],"dce:title":[{"@type":"bf:Title","bf:mainTitle":[{"@language":"eng","@value":"Brain Behavior And Immunity"}]}],"dcterms:issued":["2025"],"ids:issn":["1090-2139"]}],"role:aut":[{"@type":"schema:Person","schema:familyName":[{"@value":"Binks"}],"schema:givenName":[{"@value":"S. 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