o:3365 Peptidomic analysis of the host-defense peptides in skin secretions of the Amazon River frog Lithobates palmipes (Ranidae) en Skin secretions of certain frog species represent a source of host-defense peptides (HDPs) with therapeutic potential and their primary structures provide insight into taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships. Peptidomic analysis was used to characterize the HDPs in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from the Amazon River frog Lithobates palmipes (Ranidae) collected in Trinidad. A total of ten peptides were purified and identified on the basis of amino acid similarity as belonging to the ranatuerin-2 family (ranatuerin-2PMa, -2PMb, -2PMc, and-2PMd), the brevinin-1 family (brevinin-1PMa, -1PMb, -1PMc and des(8-14)brevinin-1PMa) and the temporin family (temporin-PMa in C-terminally amidated and non-amidated forms). Deletion of the sequence VAAKVLP from brevinin-1PMa (FLPLIAGVAAKVLPKIFCAISKKC) in des[(8-14)brevinin-1PMa resulted in a 10-fold decrease in potency against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 31 μM compared with 3 μM) and a > 50-fold decrease in hemolytic activity but potency against Echerichia coli was maintained (MIC = 62.5 μM compared with 50 μM). Temporin-PMa (FLPFLGKLLSGIF.NH2) inhibited growth of S. aureus (MIC = 16 μM) but the non-amidated form of the peptide lacked antimicrobial activity. Cladistic analysis based upon the primary structures of ranaturerin-2 peptides supports the division of New World frogs of the family Ranidae into the genera Lithobates and Rana. A sister-group relationship between L. palmipes and Warszewitsch's frog Lithobates warszewitschii is indicated within a clade that includes the Tarahumara frog Lithobates tarahumarae. The study has provided further evidence that peptidomic analysis of HDPs in frog skin secretions is a valuable approach to elucidation of the evolutionary history of species within a particular genus. Antimicrobial Peptides; Phylogeny; Amphibia; Proline; Tree 1552099 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101069 2024-08-12T10:04:22.689Z 44 yes 46 Milena Mechkarska University of the West Indies Gervonne Barran University of the West Indies person Jolanta Kolodziejek University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna person 0000-0001-5736-3644 Laurent Coquet Université de Rouen Normandie person Jérôme Leprince Université de Rouen Normandie person Thierry Jouenne Université de Rouen Normandie person Norbert Nowotny University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna / Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences person 0000-0002-3548-571X J. Michael Conlon University of Ulster person application/pdf 497670 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:3365 no yes 16 70 1552253 Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D - Genomics and Proteomics 7 46 Elsevier 2023