https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:2990 Habitat destruction threatens jaguars in a mixed land-use region of eastern Bolivia Meißner, René René Meißner 0000-0003-2829-1607 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Jansen, Martin Martin Jansen 0000-0002-2631-4601 Senckenberg Research Institute and Nature Museum Aramayo Bejarano, José Luis José Luis Aramayo Bejarano 0000-0003-0946-1260 Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Condori Callisaya, Yannet Yannet Condori Callisaya 0000-0002-4922-0827 Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Aramayo Ledezma, Gabriel Gabriel Aramayo Ledezma 0000-0001-6821-2163 Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Beukes, Maya Maya Beukes 0000-0002-6775-2747 Senckenberg Research Institute and Nature Museum Blumer, Moritz Moritz Blumer 0000-0002-5775-1767 Senckenberg Research Institute and Nature Museum Weiß, Merlin Merlin Weiß 0000-0002-5801-6123 Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences Cambridge University Press text eng Large carnivores such as the jaguar Panthera onca are particularly susceptible to population decline and local extinction as a result of habitat loss. Here we report on the long-term monitoring of a local jaguar population in a mixed land-use area in the eastern lowlands of Bolivia from March 2017 to December 2019. We recorded 15 jaguar individuals and four reproduction events (five offspring from three females), suggesting that our study area harbours a resident breeding population. Seven iterations of spatially explicit capture-recapture models provided density estimates of 1.32-3.57 jaguars per 100 km(2). Jaguar capture rates were highest in forested areas, with few to no jaguar captures in pastures used for livestock. Massive deforestation after the survey period reduced the proportion of dense forest cover by 33%, shrinking the availability of suitable jaguar habitat and placing the resident jaguar population at risk. We use the jaguar as an indicator species to highlight the threat of habitat destruction in the Chiquitano region and we emphasize the importance of intact forest patches for jaguar conservation. Panthera-Onca; Camera-Traps; Chiquitano Region; National-Park; Density; Population; Ecology; Mammals; Deforestation; Connectivity http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:2990/download 10.1017/S0030605322001570 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:605 application/pdf Oryx 58(1), 110-120 (2023) Oryx 58 1 110 120 942.29 kB 2023