phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at o:2940 DOI 10.3390/toxins16020099 Fusarium sporotrichioides Produces Two HT-2-α-Glucosides on Rice Fusarium is a genus that mostly consists of plant pathogenic fungi which are able to produce a broad range of toxic secondary metabolites. In this study, we focus on a type A trichothecene-producing isolate (15-39) of Fusarium sporotrichioides from Lower Austria. We assessed the secondary metabolite profile and optimized the toxin production conditions on autoclaved rice and found that in addition to large amounts of T-2 and HT-2 toxins, this strain was able to produce HT-2-glucoside. The optimal conditions for the production of T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, and HT-2-glucoside on autoclaved rice were incubation at 12 °C under constant light for four weeks, darkness at 30 °C for two weeks, and constant light for three weeks at 20 °C, respectively. The HT-2-glucoside was purified, and the structure elucidation by NMR revealed a mixture of two alpha-glucosides, presumably HT-2-3-O-alpha-glucoside and HT-2-4-O-alpha-glucoside. The efforts to separate the two compounds by HPLC were unsuccessful. No hydrolysis was observed with two the alpha-glucosidases or with human salivary amylase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae maltase. We propose that the two HT-2-alpha-glucosides are not formed by a glucosyltransferase as they are in plants, but by a trans-glycosylating alpha-glucosidase expressed by the fungus on the starch-containing rice medium. eng T-2 Toxin; Ht-2 Toxin; Mycotoxins; Glucosyltransferase; Trichothecenes; Glucosylation; Glucosides; Expansion; Family 2024-05-03T07:55:44.329Z LOMv1.0 Author BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Svoboda;Thomas; FN:Thomas Svoboda X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0502-301X END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Adam;Gerhard; FN:Gerhard Adam X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3008-3797 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Berthiller;Franz; FN:Franz Berthiller X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5883-2879 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Bacher;Markus; FN:Markus Bacher X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4307-4849 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Krska;Rudolf; FN:Rudolf Krska X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6843-9755 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Labuda;Roman; FN:Roman Labuda X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-178X END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Sulyok;Michael; FN:Michael Sulyok X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3302-0732 END:VCARD https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/scheme https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/text Textdokument Text LOMv1.0 yes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 application/pdf 1108981 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:2940 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:2940/thumbnail LOMv1.0 discipline