phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at o:2012 DOI 10.3390/nu14142872 The Core Human Microbiome: Does It Exist and How Can We Find It? A Critical Review of the Concept. The core microbiome, which refers to a set of consistent microbial features across populations, is of major interest in microbiome research and has been addressed by numerous studies. Understanding the core microbiome can help identify elements that lead to dysbiosis, and lead to treatments for microbiome-related health states. However, defining the core microbiome is a complex task at several levels. In this review, we consider the current state of core human microbiome research. We consider the knowledge that has been gained, the factors limiting our ability to achieve a reliable description of the core human microbiome, and the fields most likely to improve that ability. DNA sequencing technologies and the methods for analyzing metagenomics and amplicon data will most likely facilitate higher accuracy and resolution in describing the microbiome. However, more effort should be invested in characterizing the microbiome's interactions with its human host, including the immune system and nutrition. Other components of this holobiontic system should also be emphasized, such as fungi, protists, lower eukaryotes, viruses, and phages. Most importantly, a collaborative effort of experts in microbiology, nutrition, immunology, medicine, systems biology, bioinformatics, and machine learning is probably required to identify the traits of the core human microbiome. eng Gut Microbiota; Intestinal Microbiota; Human Health; Minimum Information; Level Analysis; Dietary Fiber; Host; Diversity; Metabolites; Metagenomics 2023-08-21T08:16:35.819Z LOMv1.0 Author BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Sharon;Itai; FN:Itai Sharon END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Turroni;Silvia; FN:Silvia Turroni X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2345-9482 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Brigidi;Patrizia; FN:Patrizia Brigidi END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Caderni;Giovanna; FN:Giovanna Caderni END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:de Filippo;Carlotta; FN:Carlotta de Filippo X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2222-6524 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Ercolini;Danilo; FN:Danilo Ercolini X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-9560 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Liere;Karsten; FN:Karsten Liere X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1504-1449 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Meixner;Martin; FN:Martin Meixner END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Grau;José Horacio; FN:José Horacio Grau END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Selberherr;Evelyne; FN:Evelyne Selberherr X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2253-5247 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Dötsch;Andreas; FN:Andreas Dötsch X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2584 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Agamennone;Valeria; FN:Valeria Agamennone END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Vitali;Francesco; FN:Francesco Vitali X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9125-4337 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Fabbrini;Marco; FN:Marco Fabbrini X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-0643 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Pasolli;Edoardo; FN:Edoardo Pasolli X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0799-3490 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Quijada;Narciso Martín; FN:Narciso Martín Quijada X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-7205 END:VCARD https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/scheme https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/text Textdokument Text LOMv1.0 yes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 application/pdf 573040 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:2012 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:2012/thumbnail LOMv1.0 discipline