https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:1763 Y-Chromosomal Insights into Breeding History and Sire Line Genealogies of Arabian Horses Remer, Viktoria Viktoria Remer University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Stefaniuk-Szmukier, Monika Monika Stefaniuk-Szmukier 0000-0003-4158-771X National Research Institute of Animal Production / University of Agriculture in Kraków Wallner, Barbara Barbara Wallner 0000-0003-4159-0695 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Brem, Gottfried Gottfried Brem 0000-0002-7522-0708 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Brockmann, Gudrun A. Gudrun A. Brockmann 0000-0002-4387-2947 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Reißmann, Monika Monika Reißmann 0000-0003-3418-6344 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Almarzook, Saria Saria Almarzook Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Zaitsev, Alexander M. Alexander M. Zaitsev 0000-0003-4260-602X All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding Kalashnikov, Valery V. Valery V. Kalashnikov All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding Kalinkova, Liliya Liliya Kalinkova 0000-0002-7129-3133 All-Russian Research Institute for Horse Breeding Waiditschka, Gudrun Gudrun Waiditschka University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Penedo, Maria C. Maria C. Penedo 0000-0003-4806-9974 University of California Rieder, Stefan Stefan Rieder 0000-0002-4658-2187 Identitas AG Khanshour, Anas M. Anas M. Khanshour Texas A&M University / Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children Juras, Rytis Rytis Juras 0000-0002-7385-0618 Texas A&M University Cothran, Gus Gus Cothran Texas A&M University Sadeghi, Raheleh Raheleh Sadeghi Cornell University / Equestrian Federation of The Islamic Republic of Iran Antczak, Douglas F. Douglas F. Antczak Cornell University Miller, Donald C. Donald C. Miller Cornell University Brooks, Samantha Samantha Brooks 0000-0002-4500-2689 University of Florida Bugno-Poniewierska, Monika Monika Bugno-Poniewierska 0000-0001-7537-6641 University of Agriculture in Kraków Grilz-Seger, Gertrud Gertrud Grilz-Seger 0000-0002-6042-4169 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Rigler, Doris Doris Rigler University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Radovic, Lara Lara Radovic 0000-0003-4621-3856 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Felkel, Sabine Sabine Felkel University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna / University of Life Sciences and Natural Resources Bozlak, Elif Elif Bozlak University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna MDPI text eng The Y chromosome is a valuable genetic marker for studying the origin and influence of paternal lineages in populations. In this study, we conducted Y-chromosomal lineage-tracing in Arabian horses. First, we resolved a Y haplotype phylogeny based on the next generation sequencing data of 157 males from several breeds. Y-chromosomal haplotypes specific for Arabian horses were inferred by genotyping a collection of 145 males representing most Arabian sire lines that are active around the globe. These lines formed three discrete haplogroups, and the same haplogroups were detected in Arabian populations native to the Middle East. The Arabian haplotypes were clearly distinct from the ones detected in Akhal Tekes, Turkoman horses, and the progeny of two Thoroughbred foundation sires. However, a haplotype introduced into the English Thoroughbred by the stallion Byerley Turk (1680), was shared among Arabians, Turkomans, and Akhal Tekes, which opens a discussion about the historic connections between Oriental horse types. Furthermore, we genetically traced Arabian sire line breeding in the Western World over the past 200 years. This confirmed a strong selection for relatively few male lineages and uncovered incongruences to written pedigree records. Overall, we demonstrate how fine-scaled Y-analysis contributes to a better understanding of the historical development of horse breeds. Population-Structure; Genetic Diversity; Origin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:1763/download 10.3390/genes13020229 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:605 application/pdf Genes 13(2) (2022) Genes 13 2 3.79 MB 2022