phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at o:1711 DOI 10.3390/ani12192579 Y Chromosome Haplotypes Enlighten Origin, Influence, and Breeding History of North African Barb Horses In horses, demographic patterns are complex due to historical migrations and eventful breeding histories. Particularly puzzling is the ancestry of the North African horse, a founding horse breed, shaped by numerous influences throughout history. A genetic marker particularly suitable to investigate the paternal demographic history of populations is the non-recombining male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY). Using a recently established horse MSY haplotype (HT) topology and KASP™ genotyping, we illustrate MSY HT spectra of 119 Barb and Arab-Barb males, collected from the Maghreb region and European subpopulations. All detected HTs belonged to the Crown haplogroup, and the broad MSY spectrum reflects the wide variety of influential stallions throughout the breed's history. Distinct HTs and regional disparities were characterized and a remarkable number of early introduced lineages were observed. The data indicate recent refinement with Thoroughbred and Arabian patrilines, while 57% of the dataset supports historical migrations between North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. In the Barb horse, we detected the HT linked to Godolphin Arabian, one of the Thoroughbred founders. Hence, we shed new light on the question of the ancestry of one Thoroughbred patriline. We show the strength of the horse Y chromosome as a genealogical tool, enlighten recent paternal history of North African horses, and set the foundation for future studies on the breed and the formation of conservation breeding programs. eng Mitochondrial-Dna, North African horse; Barb; Arab-Barb; Y chromosome; haplotype 2023-06-13T08:05:00.269Z LOMv1.0 Author BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Radovic;Lara; FN:Lara Radovic X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4621-3856 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Wallner;Barbara; FN:Barbara Wallner X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-0695 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Butler-Wemken;Ines von; FN:Ines von Butler-Wemken END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Krischke;Diana; FN:Diana Krischke END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Piro;Mohammed; FN:Mohammed Piro END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Machmoum;Mohamed; FN:Mohamed Machmoum END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Benamar;Malak; FN:Malak Benamar END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Driss;Khadija; FN:Khadija Driss END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Rayane;Ahmed; FN:Ahmed Rayane END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Brem;Gottfried; FN:Gottfried Brem X-ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-0708 END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Rigler;Doris; FN:Doris Rigler END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Krcal;Carina; FN:Carina Krcal END:VCARD BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Remer;Viktoria; FN:Viktoria Remer END:VCARD https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/scheme https://w3id.org/kim/hcrt/text Textdokument Text LOMv1.0 yes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 application/pdf 842909 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:1711 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:1711/thumbnail LOMv1.0 discipline