https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:1382 Interventions to Reduce Risk for Pathogen Spillover and Early Disease Spread to Prevent Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics Vora, Neil M Neil M Vora Sizer, Nigel C Nigel C Sizer Epstein, Jonathan H Jonathan H Epstein Hannah, Lee Lee Hannah Walzer, Chris Chris Walzer 0000-0002-0437-5147 University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vale, Mariana M Mariana M Vale Lieberman, Susan Susan Lieberman Emerson, Ashley Ashley Emerson Jennings, Jonathan Jonathan Jennings Alders, Robyn Robyn Alders Bonds, Matthew H Matthew H Bonds Evans, Jo Jo Evans Chilukuri, Bhavana Bhavana Chilukuri Cook, Sonila Sonila Cook Centers for Disease Control and Prevention text eng The pathogens that cause most emerging infectious diseases in humans originate in animals, particularly wildlife, and then spill over into humans. The accelerating frequency with which humans and domestic animals encounter wildlife because of activities such as land-use change, animal husbandry, and markets and trade in live wildlife has created growing opportunities for pathogen spillover. The risk of pathogen spillover and early disease spread among domestic animals and humans, however, can be reduced by stopping the clearing and degradation of tropical and subtropical forests, improving health and economic security of communities living in emerging infectious disease hotspots, enhancing biosecurity in animal husbandry, shutting down or strictly regulating wildlife markets and trade, and expanding pathogen surveillance. We summarize expert opinions on how to implement these goals to prevent outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/api/object/o:1382/download 10.3201/eid2903.221079 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:605 application/pdf Emerging Infectious Diseases 29(3) (2023) Emerging Infectious Diseases 29 3 1.53 MB 2023